但是,這種方式非常普遍,比語言提供的專門用于約束檢查的機制更加普遍。無論如何,當我們編寫一個模板時,我們擁有了C++提供的最豐富的表達力量?纯催@個:
template<class T, class B> struct Derived_from {
static void constraints(T* p) { B* pb = p; }
Derived_from() { void(*p)(T*) = constraints; }
};
template<class T1, class T2> struct Can_copy {
static void constraints(T1 a, T2 b) { T2 c = a; b = a; }
Can_copy() { void(*p)(T1,T2) = constraints; }
};
template<class T1, class T2 = T1> struct Can_compare {
static void constraints(T1 a, T2 b) { a==b; a!=b; a<b; }
Can_compare() { void(*p)(T1,T2) = constraints; }
};
template<class T1, class T2, class T3 = T1> struct Can_multiply {
static void constraints(T1 a, T2 b, T3 c) { c = a*b; }
Can_multiply() { void(*p)(T1,T2,T3) = constraints; }
};
struct B { };
struct D : B { };
struct DD : D { };
struct X { };
int main()
{
Derived_from<D,B>();
Derived_from<DD,B>();
Derived_from<X,B>();
Derived_from<int,B>();
Derived_from<X,int>();
Can_compare<int,float>();
Can_compare<X,B>();
Can_multiply<int,float>();
Can_multiply<int,float,double>();
Can_multiply<B,X>();
Can_copy<D*,B*>();
Can_copy<D,B*>();
Can_copy<int,B*>();
}
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