windows 2k下手工創建數據庫(8i、9i)

MILY: 宋體; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">                      手工創建數據庫完整步驟

系統環境
操作系統：Windows 2000 Server
數據庫：Oracle 9i
安裝路徑：C:\Oracle
1、手工創建相關目錄
C：\Oracle\admin\web
C：\Oracle\admin\web\bdump
C：\Oracle\admin\web\udump
C：\Oracle\admin\web\cdump
C：\Oracle\admin\web\pfile
C：\Oracle\admin\web\create
C：\Oracle\oradata\web
C：\Oracle\oradata\web\archive
2、手工創建初始化參數文件c:\oracle\admin\web\pfile\init.ora，內容可以copy別的實例init.ora文件后修改。
3、手工創建initweb.ora文件，內容：：ifile= c:\oracle\admin\web\pfile\init.ora
4、使用orapwd.exe命令，創建口令文件pwdweb.ora,命令格式如下：
   orapwd.exe  file=c:\oracle\ora90\database\pwdweb.ora  password=ltjsb  entries=5
5、通過oradim.exe命令，在服務里生成一個新的實例管理服務，啟動方式為手工
set ORACLE_SID=web
C:\oracle\ora90\bin\oradim -new  -sid WEB -startmode m
-pfile C:\oracle\ora90\database\initweb.ora
6、創建數據庫，執行createdb.sql腳本命令，
SQL>sqlplus /nolog
SQL>connect SYS/change_on_install as SYSDBA
SQL>@Createdb.sql
Createdb.sql腳本內容如下：
set echo on
spool C:\oracle\admin\mydb\create\CreateDB.log
startup nomount pfile="C:\oracle\admin\web\pfile\init.ora";
CREATE DATABASE web
MAXINSTANCES 1
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
MAXLOGFILES 5
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXDATAFILES 100
DATAFILE 'C:\oracle\oradata\web\system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  10240K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
UNDO TABLESPACE "UNDOTBS" DATAFILE 'C:\oracle\oradata\web\undotbs01.dbf' SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  5120K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('C:\oracle\oradata\web\redo01.log') SIZE 100M,
GROUP 2 ('C:\oracle\oradata\web\redo02.log') SIZE 100M,
GROUP 3 ('C:\oracle\oradata\web\redo03.log') SIZE 100M;
spool off
exit;
注：創建數據庫時，執行sql.bsqj腳本命令，此腳本命令創建如下內容：
   創建控制文件和聯機日志文件
   創建數據庫系統表空system
   在system表空間上創建system系統回滾段
   創建sys和system賬號
   創建基表和簇
   創建數據字典表、索引和序列
   創建相關角色權限
7、創建數據庫數據文件，執行腳本createfiles.sql
SQL>sqlplus /nolog
SQL> connect SYS/change_on_install as SYSDBA
SQL>@createfiles.sql
Createfiles.sql腳本內容如下：
set echo on
spool C:\oracle\admin\mydb\create\CreateDBFiles.log
CREATE TABLESPACE "INDX" LOGGING DATAFILE 'C:\oracle\oradata\web\indx01.dbf' SIZE 25M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  1280K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE "TEMP" TEMPFILE 'C:\oracle\oradata\web\temp01.dbf' SIZE 40M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  640K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;
ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE "TEMP";
CREATE TABLESPACE "TOOLS" LOGGING DATAFILE 'C:\oracle\oradata\web\tools01.dbf' SIZE 10M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  320K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;
CREATE TABLESPACE "USERS" LOGGING DATAFILE 'C:\oracle\oradata\web\users01.dbf' SIZE 25M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  1280K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;
CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE "UNDOTBS" DATAFILE 'C:\oracle\oradata\web\undotbs01.dbf' SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  5120K;
spool off
exit;
8、創建數據字典，運行createdbcatalog.sql腳本命令
SQL>sqlplus /nolog
SQL> connect SYS/change_on_install as SYSDBA
SQL>@createdbcatalog.sql
Createdbcatalog.sql腳本內容如下：

set echo on
spool C:\oracle\admin\mydb\create\CreateDBCatalog.log
@C:\oracle\ora90\rdbms\admin\catalog.sql;
@C:\oracle\ora90\rdbms\admin\catexp7.sql;
@C:\oracle\ora90\rdbms\admin\catblock.sql;
@C:\oracle\ora90\rdbms\admin\catproc.sql;
@C:\oracle\ora90\rdbms\admin\catoctk.sql;
@C:\oracle\ora90\rdbms\admin\catobtk.sql;
@C:\oracle\ora90\rdbms\admin\caths.sql;
@C:\oracle\ora90\rdbms\admin\owminst.plb;
connect SYSTEM/manager
@C:\oracle\ora90\sqlplus\admin\pupbld.sql;
connect SYSTEM/manager
set echo on
spool C:\oracle\ora90\assistants\dbca\logs\sqlPlusHelp.log
@C:\oracle\ora90\sqlplus\admin\help\hlpbld.sql helpus.sql;
spool off
spool off
exit;
9、完善數據庫,創建spfile文件，將數據庫實例啟動服務設置成自動啟動方式。
SQL>sqlplus /nolog
SQL> connect SYS/change_on_install as SYSDBA
SQL> @postdbcreation.sql
Postdbcreation.sql腳本內容如下：
set echo on
spool C:\oracle\admin\web\create\postDBCreation.log
create spfile='C:\oracle\ora90\database\spfileweb.ora' FROM pfile='C:\oracle\admin\web\init.ora';
connect SYS/change_on_install as SYSDBA
set echo on
spool C:\oracle\ora90\assistants\dbca\logs\postDBCreation.log
shutdown ;
startup ;
注：以上都設置PATH環境變量，將bin目錄加入到PATH中以便于使用工具GMGRLl,sqlplus等。

 ============================================================

手工創建數據庫的全部腳本及說明

系統環境：
1、操作系統：Windows 2000 Server，機器內存128M
2、數據庫：　Oracle 8i R2 (8.1.6) for NT 企業版
3、安裝路徑：D:\ORACLE

建庫步驟：
1、手工創建相關目錄
D:\Oracle\admin\test
D:\Oracle\admin\test\adhoc
D:\Oracle\admin\test\bdump
D:\Oracle\admin\test\cdump
D:\Oracle\admin\test\create
D:\Oracle\admin\test\exp
D:\Oracle\admin\test\pfile
D:\Oracle\admin\test\udump

D:\Oracle\oradata\test
D:\Oracle\oradata\test\archive

2、手工創建初始化啟動參數文件：D:\Oracle\admin\test\pfile\inittest.ora，內容：

3、手工創建D:\Oracle\Ora81\DATABASE\inittest.ora文件，

   內容：IFILE='D:\Oracle\admin\test\pfile\inittest.ora'

4、使用orapwd.exe命令，創建D:\Oracle\Ora81\DATABASE\PWDtest.ora

   命令：D:\Oracle\Ora81\bin\orapwd file=D:\Oracle\Ora81\DATABASE\PWDtest.ora password=ORACLE entries=5


5、通過oradim.exe命令，在服務里生成一個新的實例管理服務，啟動方式為手工
   set ORACLE_SID=test
   D:\Oracle\Ora81\bin\oradim -new -sid test -startmode manual -pfile "D:\Oracle\admin\test\pfile\inittest.ora"

6、生成各種數據庫對象
D:\>svrmgrl

--創建數據庫
connect INTERNAL/oracle
startup nomount pfile="D:\Oracle\admin\test\pfile\inittest.ora"
CREATE DATABASE test
LOGFILE 'D:\Oracle\oradata\test\redo01.log' SIZE 2048K,
    'D:\Oracle\oradata\test\redo02.log' SIZE 2048K,
    'D:\Oracle\oradata\test\redo03.log' SIZE 2048K
MAXLOGFILES 32
MAXLOGMEMBERS 2
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
DATAFILE 'D:\Oracle\oradata\test\system01.dbf' SIZE 58M  REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 640K
MAXDATAFILES 254
MAXINSTANCES 1
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;

控制文件、日志文件在上面語句執行時生成


connect INTERNAL/oracle
--修改系統表空間
ALTER TABLESPACE SYSTEM DEFAULT STORAGE ( INITIAL 64K NEXT 64K MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS UNLIMITED PCTINCREASE 50);
ALTER TABLESPACE SYSTEM MINIMUM EXTENT 64K;

--創建回滾表空間
CREATE TABLESPACE RBS DATAFILE 'D:\Oracle\oradata\test\rbs01.dbf' SIZE 256M REUSE
        AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 5120K
        MINIMUM EXTENT 512K
        DEFAULT STORAGE ( INITIAL 512K NEXT 512K MINEXTENTS 8 MAXEXTENTS 4096);

--創建用戶表空間
CREATE TABLESPACE USERS DATAFILE 'D:\Oracle\oradata\test\users01.dbf' SIZE 128M REUSE
        AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1280K
        MINIMUM EXTENT 128K
        DEFAULT STORAGE ( INITIAL 128K NEXT 128K MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 4096 PCTINCREASE 0);

--創建臨時表空間
CREATE TABLESPACE TEMP DATAFILE 'D:\Oracle\oradata\test\temp01.dbf' SIZE 32M REUSE
        AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 640K
        MINIMUM EXTENT 64K
        DEFAULT STORAGE ( INITIAL 64K NEXT 64K MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS UNLIMITED PCTINCREASE 0) TEMPORARY;

--創建工具表空間
CREATE TABLESPACE TOOLS DATAFILE 'D:\Oracle\oradata\test\tools01.dbf' SIZE 64M REUSE
        AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 320K
        MINIMUM EXTENT 32K
        DEFAULT STORAGE ( INITIAL 32K NEXT 32K MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 4096 PCTINCREASE 0);

--創建索引表空間
CREATE TABLESPACE INDX DATAFILE 'D:\Oracle\oradata\test\indx01.dbf' SIZE 32M REUSE
        AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 1280K
        MINIMUM EXTENT 128K
        DEFAULT STORAGE ( INITIAL 128K NEXT 128K MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 4096 PCTINCREASE 0);

--創建回滾段
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS0 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS1 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS2 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS3 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS4 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS5 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS6 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS7 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS8 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS9 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS10 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS11 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS12 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS13 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS14 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS15 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS16 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS17 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS18 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS19 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS20 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS21 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS22 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS23 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );
CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT RBS24 TABLESPACE RBS STORAGE ( OPTIMAL 4096K );

--使回滾段在線
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS0" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS1" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS2" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS3" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS4" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS5" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS6" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS7" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS8" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS9" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS10" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS11" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS12" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS13" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS14" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS15" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS16" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS17" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS18" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS19" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS20" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS21" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS22" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS23" ONLINE;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RBS24" ONLINE;

--修改sys用戶的臨時表空間為TEMP
alter user sys temporary tablespace TEMP;

--創建數據字典表
@D:\Oracle\Ora81\Rdbms\admin\catalog.sql;
@D:\Oracle\Ora81\Rdbms\admin\catexp7.sql
@D:\Oracle\Ora81\Rdbms\admin\catproc.sql
@D:\Oracle\Ora81\Rdbms\admin\caths.sql

connect system/manager
@D:\Oracle\Ora81\sqlplus\admin\pupbld.sql

connect internal/oracle
@D:\Oracle\Ora81\Rdbms\admin\catrep.sql
exit

--生成SQL*Plus幫助系統
sqlplus SYSTEM/manager
@D:\Oracle\Ora81\sqlplus\admin\help\helpbld.sql helpus.sql
exit

--修改system用戶默認表空間和臨時表空間
svrmgrl
connect internal/oracle
alter user system default tablespace TOOLS;
alter user system temporary tablespace TEMP;
exit

7、將test實例啟動服務設置成自動啟動方式
D:\Oracle\Ora81\bin\oradim -edit -sid test -startmode auto