來源:163cisco 作者:麥子 在一個Cisco 交換網絡中間,已知某臺機器的IP地址,如何找出它連接到了哪臺交換機的哪個端口上呢?最方便快捷的方法使使用CiscoWorks 2000 LMS網管軟件的User tracking 功能,圖形化界面,一目了然。 如果沒有這個軟件,也可以使用以下手工分析方法來找出答案: 示例網絡:核心交換機為6509(交換引擎SE用CatOS, MSFC運行IOS軟件) 1. 找出該IP所對應的MAC地址: 通過查看系統的ARP緩存表可以找出某IP所對應的MAC地址。由于ARP不能跨VLAN進行,所以連接各個VLAN的路由模塊MSFC就是最佳的選擇--一般它在每一個VLAN都有一個端口(interface vlan n),能正確地進行ARP解釋。 6509MSFC#ping 10.10.1.65 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.10.1.65, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Suclearcase/" target="_blank" >ccess rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/4 ms 6509MSFC#show arp | in 10.10.1.65 Inte.net 10.10.1.65 2 0006.2973.121d ARPA Vlan2 通過以上命令,我們知道10.10.1.65的MAC地址是0006.2973.121d, 這是IOS設備的MAC地址表達方式,在CatOS中,應寫為00-06-29-73-12-1d. 2.在交換機上找出MAC地址所對應的端口 6509SE> (enable) show cam 00-06-29-73-12-1d * = Static Entry. + = Permanent Entry. # = System Entry. R = Router Entry. X = Port Security Entry $ = Dot1x Security Entry VLAN Dest MAC/Route Des [CoS] Destination Ports or VCs / [Protocol Type] ---- ------------------ ----- ------------------------------------------- 2 00-06-29-73-12-1d 9/41 [ALL] Total Matching CAM Entries Displayed =1 這是不是說IP為 10.10.1.65的機器就接在端口9/41上呢? 不一定。如果以下命令中顯示該端口上只有一個活動的MAC地址,那么答案就是肯定的: 6509SE> (enable) show cam dynamic 9/41 * = Static Entry. + = Permanent Entry. # = System Entry. R = Router Entry. X = Port Security Entry $ = Dot1x Security Entry VLAN Dest MAC/Route Des [CoS] Destination Ports or VCs / [Protocol Type] ---- ------------------ ----- ------------------------------------------- 2 00-06-29-73-12-1d 9/41 [ALL] Total Matching CAM Entries Displayed =1 如果該命令顯示該端口上有多個活動的MAC地址,那么這個端口應該連接到別的交換機或HUB設備上,見下面的例子(查找IP為10.10.1.250所對應的交換機端口): 6509MSFC#ping 10.10.1.250 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.10.1.250, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms 6509MSFC#show arp | in 10.10.1.250 Internet 10.10.1.250 4 0009.6b8c.64ec ARPA Vlan2 6509SE> (enable) show cam 00-09-6b-8c-64-ec * = Static Entry. + = Permanent Entry. # = System Entry. R = Router Entry. X = Port Security Entry $ = Dot1x Security Entry VLAN Dest MAC/Route Des [CoS] Destination Ports or VCs / [Protocol Type] ---- ------------------ ----- ------------------------------------------- 2 00-09-6b-8c-64-ec 3/11 [ALL] Total Matching CAM Entries Displayed =1 6509SE> (enable) show cam dy 3/11 * = Static Entry. + = Permanent Entry. # = System Entry. R = Router Entry. X = Port Security Entry $ = Dot1x Security Entry VLAN Dest MAC/Route Des [CoS] Destination Ports or VCs / [Protocol Type] ---- ------------------ ----- ------------------------------------------- 1 00-03-e3-4b-06-80 3/11 [ALL] 1 00-08-02-e6-b0-cd 3/11 [ALL] 1 00-02-a5-ee-f2-4f 3/11 [ALL] 1 00-09-6b-8c-66-d6 3/11 [ALL] 1 00-09-6b-63-17-d9 3/11 [ALL] 1 00-0b-cd-03-ec-f5 3/11 [ALL] 1 00-09-6b-63-17-d8 3/11 [ALL] 1 00-08-02-e6-b0-c1 3/11 [ALL] 1 00-08-02-e6-b0-85 3/11 [ALL] 1 00-08-02-e6-b0-81 3/11 [ALL] 1 00-02-a5-ef-16-af 3/11 [ALL] 1 00-02-a5-ee-f2-93 3/11 [ALL] 1 00-02-55-c6-05-61 3/11 [ALL] 2 00-09-6b-8c-64-ec 3/11 [ALL] 1 00-08-02-e6-b0-ed 3/11 [ALL] 1 00-08-02-e6-b0-a9 3/11 [ALL] 1 00-02-55-54-7a-e0 3/11 [ALL] 1 00-02-a5-ef-15-a6 3/11 [ALL] 1 00-08-02-e6-af-8f 3/11 [ALL] 1 00-08-02-e6-b0-bd 3/11 [ALL] 1 00-0b-cd-03-db-8b 3/11 [ALL] 1 00-09-6b-8c-25-50 3/11 [ALL] Do you wish to continue y/n [n]? n 由于該端口連接到另一臺交換機或HUB,必須繼續追查,方法如下: 6509SE> (enable) show cdp nei 3/11 * - indicates vlan mismatch. # - indicates duplex mismatch. Port Device-ID Port-ID Platform -------- ------------------------------- ------------------------- ------------ 3/11 Cisco2924 GigabitEthernet1/1 cisco WS-C2924M-XL 該命令顯示對端設備是一臺Cisco2924,如果沒有顯示,那么說明連接的是別的廠家的設備,可能要到該交換機上用類似的辦法繼續追查。本例子中是Cisco 設備,所有我們可以繼續: 6509SE> (enable) show cdp nei 3/11 de Port (Our Port): 3/11 Device-ID: Cisco2924 Device Addresses: IP Address: 10.10.0.60 Holdtime: 153 sec Capabilities: TRANSPARENT_BRIDGE SWITCH Version: Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) C2900XL Software (C2900XL-C3H2S-M), Version 12.0(5.2)XU, MAINTENANCE INTERIM SOFTWARE Copyright (c) 1986-2000 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Mon 17-Jul-00 17:35 by ayounes Platform: cisco WS-C2924M-XL Port-ID (Port on Neighbors's Device): GigabitEthernet1/1 VTP Management Domain: lan Native VLAN: 1 Duplex: full System Name: unknown System Object ID: unknown Management Addresses: unknown Physical Location: unknown Cisco2924#show mac-address-table dynamic address 0009.6b8c.64ec Non-static Address Table: Destination Address Address Type VLAN Destination Port ------------------- ------------ ---- -------------------- 0009.6b8c.64ec Dynamic 2 FastEthernet0/2 Cisco2924#show mac-address-table dynamic interface f0/2 Non-static Address Table: Destination Address Address Type VLAN Destination Port ------------------- ------------ ---- -------------------- 0009.6b8c.64ec Dynamic 2 FastEthernet0/2 通過以上命令可知,MAC地址0009.6b8c.64ec 與Cisco 2924交換機相連,且是該端口上唯一活動的MAC地址,所以IP為10.10.1.250的機器應該就連接在這個端口上。