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在HTML中使用DC元數據
本備忘錄狀態
本備忘錄為Internet社區提供一些信息，但沒有規定任何Internet標準。本備忘錄的發布不受限制
版權信息
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1999)。版權所有。
目錄
1. 摘要 1
2. HTML、Dublin核心元數據及其他原數據 1
3．META標簽 2
4、LINK標簽 2
5、編碼建議 3
6、DC元數據的實際應用 4
7、DC元素編碼 4
8、安全性問題 10
9、附錄——處理用META標簽編碼的元數據的Perl腳本程序 10
10. 作者地址 15
11、參考資料 15
12、版權聲明 17
1. 摘要
Dublin核心元數據 [DC1]是描述信息資源的小的元數據元素集合，本文討論如何在HTML文檔[HTML4.0]中通過META和LINK標簽表示這些元素。嵌入HTML的元數據用于描述文檔本身的信息。本文通過一些例子說明了如何用現有的軟件來檢索、顯示和處理這些元數據，軟件包括附錄中列出的[SWISH-E]、[freeWAIS-sf2.0]、[GLIMPSE]、 [HARVEST]、 [ISEARCH]以及Perl[PERL]腳本語言等。
2. HTML、Dublin核心元數據及其他原數據
[DCHOME]發起的Dublin核心元數據推出了一組少量的資源描述類別DC1，或者叫元數據元素（從字面上看就是關于數據的數據）。一般而言，元數據元素相對它們所描述的資源要小得多，而且如果資源格式支持可以把元數據嵌入到資源中。支持嵌入元數據的有兩類資源：超文本標記語言（HTML）與擴展標記語言（XML）。HTML已經得到了廣泛的應用，但是一旦標準化，XML與資源描述框架（RDF）一起有望提供對源數據進行編碼的更有效的方式。RDF規范實際上描述了在HTML文檔中按照一種簡潔語法應用RDF的方法。
本文講述了如何在HTML4.0中對元數據進行編碼，這些元數據元素的語義在其他文檔中定義。為了方便說明，文中提及了某些元數據的語義，但不應把這些語義看作是定義性的。
HTML編碼允許DC元數據元素與其它元素混合使用（前提是那些元素的用法支持混合使用）。DC元素使用前綴“DC”標記，其他元素則使用另外的標記，比方說AC表示來自A-Core[AC]的元素。
3．META標簽
HTML中的META標簽用于已經命名的元數據元素進行編碼，每個元素描述了文檔或者其他信息資源的一個方面。比方說
，這個元素說明創作者是Homer Simpson，其中Creator是DC元素集中定義的一個元素。更一般的形式為：
content = "ELEMENT_VALUE">
大寫部分表示在應用時要換成真正的標記符，在上面的例子中，ELEMENT_NAME是Creator， ELEMENT_VALUE是Simpson, Homer而PREFIX則是DC。
在META標簽中，DC元素名的第一個字母要大寫，但對元素值的大小寫沒有要求，也沒有限制同時出現的META元素的個數與順序。同一個DC元素可以出現多次，每個DC元素都是可選的。下面的例子是對一本書的說明，它有兩位作者、兩個標題：
content = "The Communist Manifesto">
content = "Marx, K.">
content = "Engels, F.">
content = "Capital">
使用META編碼的所有DC元素都帶有“DC”前綴，與后面的元素名之間用點號（“.”）隔開。每個非DC元素的編碼都應該有相應的前綴以便于跟蹤其來源和定義，前綴與元素定義之間的聯系通過LINK元素來完成，參閱下一節的說明。非DC元素，比如來自AC的Email可以與DC元素混合使用：
content = "Da Costa, José">
content = "dacostaj@peoplesmail.org">
content = "Jesse "The Body" Ventura--A Biography">
這個例子還說明了特殊字符的編碼，第一個元素作者名中使用HTML字符實體引用表示一個音標符號——帶有重音號的字母E。類似的，最后一行中有兩個雙引號使用的是數字字符引用，以便于元素內容分隔符區別開。
4、LINK標簽
HTML的LINK可以把元素名前綴與元素的參考定義關聯在一起。如果沒有LINK標簽與相應的定義文檔關聯，只有META標簽描述的資源是不完整的。前面的例子再加上以下兩個元素就可以認為是完整的了：
>
>
一般來說這種聯系通常采用如下的形式：
其中的PREFIX要代換為實際使用的前綴，LOCATION_OF_DEFINITION則是定義文檔的URL或URN。嵌入在HTML文檔HEAD部分的LINK和META序列，描述的是該HTML文檔自身的信息。下面是帶有描述信息的一個完整的HTML文檔。
>
content = "A Dirge">
content = "Shelley, Percy Bysshe">
content = "poem">
content = "1820">
content = "text/html">
content = "en">
Rough wind, that moanest loud
Grief too sad for song;
Wild wind, when sullen cloud
Knells all the night long;
Sad storm, whose tears are vain,
Bare woods, whose branches strain,
Deep caves and dreary main, -
Wail, for the world's wrong!
5、編碼建議
與這里推薦的元數據編碼方式相比，在原理上和實際應用中HTML對元數據編碼的要求更加寬松，不過稍加限制更有助于元數據解碼和處理軟件的開發。在目前的發展階段，一些簡單的原型和試驗促進了實用標準的開發。
因此最好按照本文以下所舉例子的標記方法在HTML中書寫元數據：前綴及元素名用大寫、屬性值用雙引號括起來，一行中最多只有一個META元素。當然實際編寫元數據代碼的伸縮性很大，不過選擇并始終堅持這種風格似乎更有助于元數據的處理與編輯。下面的三個標簽都符合上面的建議，內容也相同但是書寫風格不一致：
CONTENT="text/html; 12 Kbytes">
Name = "DC.Format"
>
按照上述建議編碼有助于使元數據被一些廣泛使用的免費軟件包所接受、檢索和處理，比如[SWISH-E]、[freeWAIS-sf2.0]、[GLIMPSE]、[HARVEST]和[ISEARCH]。這些約定還可以與附錄中的腳本，以及[DCHOME]網站上的大部分[DCPROJECTS]應用程序協同工作。支持LINK標簽和修飾符約定（下一節）的軟件現在還不多。
元數據元素的順序一般是不固定的。檢索并顯示元數據的軟件的開發者應該盡量保持同名的META標簽元素的相對順序（比方說多個文檔作者），但是如果通過不明系統傳輸，元數據的提供者與檢索程序并不能保證元數據的先后順序保持不變。
6、DC元數據的實際應用
在實際用與資源描述時，為了表達含義上的細微差別，經常需要對DCC元素作一些修飾。雖然這些修飾符的應用原則和具體語義超出了本文的范圍，為了方便日常應用，后面通過一些例子介紹修飾語法。對下述在META標簽中應用元數據描述符的三種語法（可能發生變化）不再作進一步的說明。
據此，某部西班牙語的遺作可以寫為：
scheme = "rfc1766"
content = "es">
lang = "es"
content = "La Mesa Verde y la Silla Roja">
lang = "en"
content = "The Green Table and the Red Chair">
content = "1935">
content = "1939">
需要注意，本文例中所使用的修飾符語法和標簽后綴（跟在元素名和點號后）僅僅反映了修飾符HTML編碼的趨勢，這種語法格式和后綴既非標準也不建議這么做。
7、DC元素編碼
這一節針對不同的DC元素舉出了相應的應用實例：
Title (給出的資源名)
-----
content = "Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination">
content = "Crime and Punishment">
content = "Methods of Information in Medicine, Vol 32, No 4">
content = "Still life #4 with flowers">
lang = "de"
content = "Das Wohltemperierte Klavier, Teil I">
Creator (常見內容的實體)
-------
content = "Gogh, Vincent van">
content = "van Gogh, Vincent">
content = "Mao Tse Tung">
content = "Mao, Tse Tung">
content = "Plato">
lang = "fr"
content = "Platon">
content = "Sturges, Preston">
content = "Hecht, Ben">
content = "Chaplin, Charles">
Subject （主題或關鍵字)
-------
content = "heart attack">
scheme = "MESH"
content = "Myocardial Infarction; Pericardial Effusion">
content = "vietnam war">
scheme = "LCSH"
content = "Vietnamese Conflict, 1961-1975">
content = "Friendship">
scheme = "ddc"
content = "158.25">
Description (說明、小結與摘要)
-----------
lang = "en"
content = "The Author gives some Aclearcase/" target="_blank" >ccount of Himself and Family
-- His First Inducements to Travel -- He is
Shipwrecked, and Swims for his Life -- Gets safe on
Shore in the Country of Lilliput -- Is made a
Prisoner, and carried up the Country">
content = "A tutorial and reference manual for Java.">
content = "Seated family of five, coconut trees to the left,
sailboats moored off sandy beach to the right,
with volcano in the background.">
Publisher (出版商、發布方)
---------
content = "O'Reilly">
content = "Digital Equipment Corporation">
content = "University of California Press">
content = "State of Florida (USA)">
Contributor (其他貢獻者)
-----------
content = "Curie, Marie">
content = "Adams, Ansel">
content = "Sendak, Maurice">
content = "Starr, Kenneth">
Date (該資源生命期中的某個時點; 推薦[WTN8601])
----
content = "1972">
content = "1998-05-14">
scheme = "WTN8601"
content = "1998-05-14">
content = "1998-05-14">
content = "1998-05-21">
content = "1998-05-28">
content = "triassic">
content = "1957">
scheme = "WTN8601"
content = "1998-12-02T16:59">
scheme = "ISO8601"
content = "98-W49-3T1659">
scheme = "ANSI.X3.X30-1985"
content = "19980514">
Type (性質、流派、類別; 建議用[DCT1])
----
content = "poem">
scheme = "DCT1"
content = "software">
content = "software program source code">
content = "interactive video game">
scheme = "DCT1"
content = "dataset">
content = "web home page">
content = "web bibliography">
content = "painting">
content = "image; woodblock">
scheme = "AAT"
content = "clipeus (portrait)">
lang = "en-US"
content = "image; advertizement">
scheme = "DCT1"
content = "event">
content = "event; periodic">
Format (物理或邏輯格式以及可選的資源大小)
------
content = "text/xml">
scheme = "IMT"
content = "text/xml">
scheme = "IMT"
content = "image/jpeg">
content = "A text file with mono-spaced tables and diagrams.">
content = "video/mpeg; 14 minutes">
content = "unix tar archive, gzip compressed; 1.5 Mbytes">
content = "watercolor; 23 cm x 31 cm">
Identifier (資源標識符)
----------
content = "http://foo.bar.org/zaf/">
content = "urn:ietf:rfc:1766">
scheme = "ISBN"
content = "1-56592-149-6">
scheme = "LCCN"
content = "67-26020">
scheme = "DOI"
content = "10.12345/33-824688ab">
Source (來源)
------
content = "Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet">
content = "http://a.b.org/manon/">
Language (內容所使用的語言；建議使用[RFC1766])
--------
content = "en">
scheme = "rfc1766"
content = "en">
scheme = "ISO639-2"
content = "eng">
scheme = "rfc1766"
content = "en-US">
content = "zh">
content = "ja">
content = "es">
content = "de">
content = "german">
lang = "fr"
content = "allemand">
Relation (相關資源)
--------
content = "http://foo.bar.org/abc/proceedings/1998/">
content = "http://foo.bar.org/cd145.sgml">
content = "http://foo.bar.org/draft9.4.4.2">
content = "urn:isbn:1-56592-149-6">
content = "Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet">
content = "LWP::UserAgent; HTML::Parse; URI::URL;
Net::DNS; Tk::Pixmap; Tk::Bitmap; Tk::Photo">
Coverage (內容所涉及的范圍)
--------
content = "US civil war era; 1861-1865">
content = "Columbus, Ohio, USA; Lat: 39 57 N Long: 082 59 W">
scheme = "TGN"
content = "Columbus (C,V)">
content = "Commonwealth of Australia">
Rights (版權管理聲明)
------
lang = "en"
content = "Copyright Acme 1999 - All rights reserved.">
content = "http://foo.bar.org/cgi-bin/terms">
8、安全性問題
本文所討論的在HTML中應用DC元數據的語法規則不會給計算機和網絡帶來直接的危險。這些規則可能被用于編制不準確甚至有意誤導（造成“垃圾檢索信息”）的元數據信息，這反映了對HTML META標簽的濫用，而且也不僅限于對DC元數據的編碼。即使傳統的元數據編碼方案（比如[MARC]）也不能免于錯誤，雖然錯誤通常發生在數據量遠遠超出普通網站水平的情況下。
對使用META標簽進行編碼的元數據進行處理的系統，應該作為設計與實現的一部分考慮與元數據的正確性和有效性有關的問題，使用這些系統的用戶也要考慮系統設計和實現中的要求。不同的應用程序可能采用不同的方法，比方說增加元數據來源的聲明、對元數據是用數字簽名以及元數據創建過程中某些方面的自動化，但是這些都超出了本文以及META標簽語法的范疇。
9、附錄——處理用META標簽編碼的元數據的Perl腳本程序
這一節包括兩個程序，適用于4和5版本的PERL腳本語言解釋器。這兩個程序可以自由地用于本單位的需要、研究目的或者風險資本的召喚。根據這些程序，程序員可以很容易把它們改造成其它的應用。
腳本一：源數據格式轉換
這是一個簡單的Perl腳本程序，能夠正確識別本文所有例子中的元數據編碼。這個例子說明如何用普通的腳本開發把元數據從一種格式轉到另一種格式的實用程序，只要稍作改變就可以支持多種輸出格式。
#!/depot/bin/perl
#
# This simple perl script extracts metadata embedded in an HTML file
# and outputs it in an alternate format. Issues warning about missing
# element name or value.
#
# Handles mixed case tags and attribute values, one per line or spanning
# several lines. Also handles a quoted string spanning multiple lines.
# No error checking. Does not tolerate more than one "
print "@(urc;\n";
while (<>) {
next if (! /
($meta) = /(
while (<>) {
$meta .= $_;
last if (/>/);
}
}
$name = $meta =~ /name\s*=\s*"([^"]*)"/i
? $1 : "MISSING ELEMENT NAME";
$content = $meta =~ /content\s*=\s*"([^"]*)"/i
? $1 : "MISSING ELEMENT VALUE";
($scheme) = $meta =~ /scheme\s*=\s*"([^"]*)"/i;
($lang) = $meta =~ /lang\s*=\s*"([^"]*)"/i;
if ($lang || $scheme) {
$mod = " ($lang";
if (! $scheme)
{ $mod .= ")"; }
elsif (! $lang)
{ $mod .= "$scheme)" }
else
{ $mod .= ", $scheme)"; }
}
else
{ $mod = ""; }
print " @|$name$mod; $content\n";
}
print "@)urc;\n";
# ---- end of Perl script ----
如果該程序用于第四節中的元數據例子，則輸出結果如下：
@(urc;
@|DC.Title; A Dirge
@|DC.Creator; Shelley, Percy Bysshe
@|DC.Type; poem
@|DC.Date; 1820
@|DC.Format; text/html
@|DC.Language; en
@)urc;
腳本二——元數據創建自動化
如果沒有一些自動化的幫助——預先設定缺省值、語法檢查、數據范圍驗證以及拼寫檢查等——創建和維護高質量的元數據可能非常困難。如果有某個腳本程序能夠僅僅通過文檔標題來加入相應的元數據內容，就可以極大減輕用戶的工作量。下面的程序就可完成這項工作。HTML作者可以把整個內嵌資源描述縮寫放在HTML注釋聲明中：
我們的腳本程序把該聲明看作是一種專門的帶有文檔標題的“元數據塊聲明”。一般形式為：
該聲明的工作方式非常類似于“服務器端引入”，腳本程序用完整的元數據塊代替該聲明并機或其他的替換。裝上后，該腳本就會生成與用戶產品Web服務器程序兼容的HTML文件。
文檔提供者應該保有一份單獨的文檔模板，保存很少改變的預設值和元數據元素如果用戶的需要非常簡單，兩份文檔除了標題之外都相同，那么這些元素就能自動生成。使用該腳本程序，這些元數據的值可以向變量那樣在模板或者HTML文檔中引用。變量的引用形式類似于“(--mbVARNAME)”，模板中的格式如下：
content = "Simpson, Homer">
content = "(--mbtitle)">
content = "(--mbfilemodtime)">
content = "(--mbbaseURL)/(--mbfilename)">
content = "text/html; (--mbfilesize)">
content = "(--mblanguage)-BUREAUCRATESE">
content = "Springfield Nuclear">
>
>
只要把其中的變量引用代入實際值，上面的模板就可作為描述文檔的元數據塊。 根據我們的腳本，下述變量要同時在模板和文檔中替換：
(--mbfilesize) size of the final output file
(--mbtitle) title of the document
(--mblanguage) language of the document
(--mbbaseURL) beginning part of document identifier
(--mbfilename) last part (minus .html) of identifier
(--mbfilemodtime) last modification date of the document
這是一個應用該腳本的HTML文檔：
content = "Memorandum">
From: Acting Shift Supervisor
To: Plant Control Personnel
RE: (--mbtitle)
Date: (--mbfilemodtime)
Pursuant to directive DOH:10.2001/405aec of article B-2022,
subsection 48.2.4.4.1c regarding staff morale and employee
productivity standards, the current allocation of doughnut
acquisition funds shall be increased effective immediately.
由于替換在整個文檔范圍內進行，作者只要輸入標題一次就可以了（通常標題要在首部和HTML文檔體內輸入兩次）。運行腳本程序后，上面的文件就被轉換成：
content = "Simpson, Homer">
content = "Nutritional Allocation Increase">
content = "1999-03-08">
content = "http://moes.bar.com/doh/homer.html">
content = "text/html; 1320 bytes">
content = "en-BUREAUCRATESE">
content = "Springfield Nuclear">
>
>
content = "Memorandum">
From: Acting Shift Supervisor
To: Plant Control Personnel
RE: Nutritional Allocation Increase
Date: 1999-03-08
Pursuant to directive DOH:10.2001/405aec of article B-2022,
subsection 48.2.4.4.1c regarding staff morale and employee
productivity standards, the current allocation of doughnut
acquisition funds shall be increased effective immediately.
下面是完成這一轉換過程的腳本：
#!/depot/bin/perl
#
# This Perl script processes metadata block declarations of the form
# and variable references of the
# form (--mbVARNAME), replacing them with full metadata blocks and
# variable values, respectively. Requires a "template" file.
# Outputs an HTML file.
#
# Invoke this script with a single filename argument, "foo". It creates
# an output file "foo.html" using a temporary working file "foo.work".
# The size of foo.work is measured after variable replacement, and is
# later inserted into the file in such a way that the file's size does
# not change in the process. Has little or no error checking.
$infile = shift;
open(IN, "< $infile")
or die("Could not open input file \"$infile\"");
$workfile = "$infile.work";
unlink($workfile);
open(WORK, "+> $workfile")
or die("Could not open work file \"$workfile\"");
@offsets = (); # records locations for late size replacement
$title = ""; # gets the title during metablock processing
$language = "en"; # pre-set language here (not in the template)
$baseURL = "http://moes.bar.com/doh"; # pre-set base URL here also
$filename = "$infile.html"; # final output filename
$filesize = "(--mbfilesize)"; # replaced late (separate pass)
($year, $month, $day) = (localtime( (stat IN) [9] ))[5, 4, 3];
$filemodtime = sprintf "%s-%02s-%02s", 1900 + $year, 1 + $month, $day;
sub putout { # outputs current line with variable replacement
if (! /\(--mb/) {
print WORK;
return;
}
if (/\(--mbfilesize\)/) # remember where it was
{ push @offsets, tell WORK; } # but don't replace yet
s/\(--mbtitle\)/$title/g;
s/\(--mblanguage\)/$language/g;
s/\(--mbbaseURL\)/$baseURL/g;
s/\(--mbfilename\)/$filename/g;
s/\(--mbfilemodtime\)/$filemodtime/g;
print WORK;
}
while (
if (! /(.*)(.*)//) {
$remainder = $1;
}
else {
while (
$title .= $_;
last if (/(.*)\s*-->(.*)/);
}
$title .= $1;
$remainder = $2;
}
open(TPLATE, "< template")
or die("Could not open template file");
while (
{ &putout; }
close(TPLATE);
$_ = $remainder;
&putout;
}
close(IN);
# Now replace filesize variables without altering total byte count.
select( (select(WORK), $| = 1) [0] ); # first flush output so we
if (($size = -s WORK) < 100000) # can get final file size
{ $scale = 0; } # and set scale factor or
else { # compute it, keeping width of size field low
for ($scale = 0; $size >= 1000; $scale++)
{ $size /= 1024; }
}
$filesize = sprintf "%7.7s %sbytes",
$size, (" ", "K", "M", "G", "T", "P") [$scale];
foreach $pos (@offsets) { # loop through saved size locations
seek WORK, $pos, 0; # read the line found there
$_ =
# $filesize must be exactly as wide as "(--mbfilesize)"
s/\(--mbfilesize\)/$filesize/g;
seek WORK, $pos, 0; # rewrite it with replacement
print WORK;
}
close(WORK);
rename($workfile, "$filename")
or die("Could not rename \"$workfile\" to \"$filename\"");
# ---- end of Perl script ----
10. 作者地址
John A. Kunze
Center for Knowledge Management
University of California, San Francisco
530 Parnassus Ave, Box 0840
San Francisco, CA 94143-0840, USA
Fax: +1 415-476-4653
EMail: jak@ckm.ucsf.edu
11、參考資料
[AAT]Art and Architecture Thesaurus, Getty Information Institute.
http://shiva.pub.getty.edu/aat_browser/
[AC]The A-Core: Metadata about Content Metadata, (inprogress)
http://metadata.net/ac/draft-iannella-admin-01.txt
[DC1]Weibel, S., Kunze, J., Lagoze, C. and M. Wolf,"Dublin Core Metadata for Resource Discovery", RFC2413, September 1998.
ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc2413.txt
[DCHOME]Dublin Core Initiative Home Page.
http://purl.org/DC/
[DCPROJECTS]Projects Using Dublin Core Metadata.
http://purl.org/DC/projects/index.htm
[DCT1]Dublin Core Type List 1, DC Type Working Group, March 1999.
http://www.loc.gov/marc/typelist.html
[freeWAIS-sf2.0] The enhanced freeWAIS distribution, February 1999.
http://ls6-www.cs.uni-dortmund.de/ir/projects/freeWAIS-sf/
[GLIMPSE]Glimpse Home Page.
http://glimpse.cs.arizona.edu/
[HARVEST]Harvest Web Indexing.
http://www.tardis.ed.ac.uk/harvest/
[HTML4.0]Hypertext Markup Language 4.0 Specification, April 1998.
http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/
[ISEARCH]Isearch Resources Page.
http://www.etymon.com/Isearch/
[ISO639-2]Code for the representation of names of languages, 1996.
http://www.indigo.ie/egt/standards/iso639/iso639-2-en.html
[ISO8601]ISO 8601:1988(E), Data elements and interchange formats -- Information interchange - Representation of dates and times, International Organization for standardization, June 1988.
http://www.iso.ch/markete/8601.pdf
[MARC]USMARC Format for Bibliographic Data, US Library of Congress.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/marc/marc.html
[PERL]L. Wall, T. Christiansen, R. Schwartz, Programming Perl, Second Edition, O'Reilly, 1996.
[RDF]Resource Description Framework Model and Syntax Specification, February 1999.
http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-rdf-syntax/
[RFC1766]Alvestrand, H., "Tags for the Identification of Languages", RFC1766, March 1996.
ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc1766.txt
[SWISH-E]Simple Web Indexing System for Humans - Enhanced.
http://sunsite.Berkeley.EDU/SWISH-E/
[TGN]Thesaurus of Geographic Names, Getty Information Institute.
http://shiva.pub.getty.edu/tgn_browser/
[WTN8601]W3C Technical Note - Profile of ISO 8601 Date and Time Formats.
http://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-datetime
[XML]Extensible Markup Language (XML).
http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml
12、版權聲明
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1999). All Rights Reserved.
This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than English.
The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.
This document and the information contained herein is provided on an "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Acknowledgement
Funding for the RFCEditor function is currently provided by the Internet Society.
