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  • vsftp下用戶允許可傳、下文件,但不能刪

    發表于:2007-07-04來源:作者:點擊數: 標簽:
    vsftp下用戶允許可傳、下文件,但不能刪 一、安裝 1.下載最新的穩定版vsftpd-1.2.1.tar.gz 2.卸載原有的rpm的vsftpd rpm -e vsftpd 3.tar xvzf vsftpd-1.2.1.tar.gz 4.cd vsftpd-1.2.1 5.make 6.useradd nobody 7.mkdir /usr/share/empty 8.mkdir /var/ftp 9.
    vsftp下用戶允許可傳、下文件,但不能刪

    一、安裝

      1.下載最新的穩定版vsftpd-1.2.1.tar.gz
      2.卸載原有的rpm的vsftpd
      rpm -e vsftpd
      3.tar xvzf vsftpd-1.2.1.tar.gz
      4.cd vsftpd-1.2.1
      5.make
      6.useradd nobody
      7.mkdir /usr/share/empty
      8.mkdir /var/ftp
      9.useradd -d /var/ftp ftp
      10.chown root.root /var/ftp
      11.chmod og-w /var/ftp
      說明:如果你象我一樣原來有rpm的vsftp,只是卸載了,可以省略6-11步,如果原來沒有安裝vsftp,請按部就班。
      12.make install
      13.vi /etc/xinetd.d/vsftpd
      把disable=yes改成no,保存退出。然后service xinetd restart,OK!新裝的vsftp已經可以工作了!
      說明:默認安裝的vsftpd是以xinetd的方式啟動的。你需要上述操作,一會兒,我們再來講把它改成獨立啟動的服務。
      14.ftp 127.0.0.1
      輸入用戶名ftp,密碼直接回車,OK!已經可以連接了!輸入quit退出。然后重新ftp 127.0.0.1,輸入本地用戶和密碼,卻提示login faild!why?原來少一個本地用戶認證的pam文件。
      15.cp RedHat/vsftpd.pam /etc/pam.d/ftp(注意,沒有這一步將不能使用本地用戶登錄?。?
      16.cp vsftpd.conf /etc/vsftpd.conf(現在,默認還是只能匿名用戶登錄)
      17.vi /etc/vsftpd.conf
      把anonmous_enable=YES改成NO(禁掉匿名鏈接,不安全
      把local_enable=YES前的注釋去掉(打開本地用戶連接的權限)
      把write_enable=YES前的注釋去掉(打開本地用戶的寫權限)
      把local_umask=022前的注釋去掉
      service xinetd restart
      18.再次測試
      ftp 127.0.0.1
      使用ftp用戶空密碼登錄,將出現login faild
      使用本地用戶登錄,OK!已經成功了!上傳文件,也OK!

      這樣是不是就完事兒了?不是,做一個FTP,我們通常還需要一些特殊要求:比如一個用戶我只允許他下載,不允許他上傳;另一個用戶可以下載也可以上傳,但是他不能刪除文件,不能給文件改名;另外,我還需要我的FTP使用非常規的端口,限制下載的速度,還需要一個管理員用戶。那怎么辦?請看下面的部分!

    二、高級配置
      1.使用獨立服務
      a.vi /etc/xinetd.d/vsftpd把disable=no還改成yes,不再需要它了!
      b.vi /etc/vsftpd.conf在結尾加上listen=YES
      c.service xinetd restart
      d./usr/local/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd.conf &
      OK!現在vsftp已經是獨立啟動的服務了!
      2.使用非常規的端口(2121)
      a.vi /etc/vsftpd.conf
      添加listen_port=2121,保存退出
      b.killall -9 vsftpd
      c./usr/local/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd.conf &
      OK!現在用ftp 127.0.0.1將提示你連接被拒絕了(ftp:connect:Connetion refuesd)!然后ftp 127.0.0.1 2121輸入用戶名和密碼,OK!可以登錄!
      3.實現不同用戶不同權限
      現在我們就來實現三個用戶的不同權限:a.upload用戶,可以上傳下載,可以新建文件夾,但不能刪除文件和文件夾,不能重命名原有文件和文件夾;b.download用戶,只能下載;c.admin用戶,管理員,可以上傳,可以下載,可以新建文件夾,可以刪除和更改文件和文件夾名。這些用戶都不能登錄系統,并且用ftp連接時鎖定在自己的家目錄中不能進入系統文件夾。
      a.cat << ! >logins.txt
      >upload
      >******* #upload用戶的密碼
      >download
      >*******
      >admin
      >****************
      >!
      說明,此文本文件的格式是:單數行為用戶名,偶數行為密碼
      b.db_load -T -t hash -f logins.txt /etc/vsftpd_login.db
      c.chmod 600 /etc/vsftpd_login.db
      d.cd vsftpd-1.2.1/EXAMPLE;cp VIRYUAL_USERS/vsftpd.pam /etc/pam.d/ftp.vu (進入你的解包的源碼目錄,把虛擬用戶的認證文件拷貝到/etc/pam.d/下)
      e.useradd -d /home/ftpsite virtual;chmod 700 /home/ftpsite;su - virtual -c "echo hello>/homt/ftpsite/test.file(建立虛擬用戶所要訪問的ftp目錄并設置僅virtual用戶訪問的權限和創建一個供下載實驗的文件)
      f.vi /etc/vsftpd.conf在此文件中插入下面的配置語句
      guest_enable=YES(啟用虛擬用戶)
      guest_username=virtual(將虛擬用戶映射為本地virtual用戶)
      pam_service_name=ftp.vu(指定PAM配置文件為ftp.vu)
      user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd_user_conf(指定不同虛擬用戶配置文件的存放路徑)
      保存退出
      g.mkdir /etc/vsftpd_user_conf
      h.開放不同用戶的不同權限 echo "anon_world_readable_only=NO">/etc/vsftpd_user_conf/download(開放download用戶的下載權限——只能下載;注意這個不地方不要寫成YES,否則將不能列出文件和目錄)
      cp /etc/vsftpd_user_conf/download /etc/vsftpd_user_conf/upload
      vi /etc/vsftpd_user_conf/upload,添加下列行
      write_enable=YES (增加寫權限)
      anon_upload_enable=YES(增加上傳權限)
      anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES (增加創建目錄的權限)
      cp /etc/vsftpd_user_conf/upload /etc/vsftpd_user_conf/admin
      增加一行:
      anno_other_writer_enable=YES(增加管理員用戶的刪除/重命名的權限)
      i.測試
      killall -9 vsftpd;/usr/local/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd.conf &
      ftp 127.0.0.1 2121
      以用戶名download和你設置的密碼登錄,ls,可以看到文件,下載,成功!put一個文件,提示
      Permission denied。rename test.file同樣權限被拒絕;delete test.file同樣不成功!
      輸入quit退出,以upload用戶登錄,OK!可以上傳,下載,mkdir lsf,提示“/lsf" created;rename lsf lsf1提示Permission denied,刪除文件同樣不成功!
      輸入quit退出,以admin用戶登錄,可以有上述所有權限,然后rmdir lsf,提示Remove directory o[eration suclearcase/" target="_blank" >ccessful;delete test.file提示Delete operation successful!OK,大功告成了!
      4.還有限速,限制同一個IP的連接數,限制最大連接數等,我在另外的文章中已經寫過,在此不再贅述!

    三、附目
    1.我的/etc/vsftpd.conf文件的內容
    引用:
    # Example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf
    #
    # The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
    # loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
    # Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
    #
    # READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
    # Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
    # capabilities.
    #
    # Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
    anonymous_enable=NO
    #
    # Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
    local_enable=YES
    #
    # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
    write_enable=YES
    #
    # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
    # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
    local_umask=022
    #
    # Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
    # has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
    # obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
    anon_upload_enable=NO
    #
    # Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
    # new directories.
    anon_mkdir_write_enable=NO
    #
    # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
    # go into a certain directory.
    dirmessage_enable=YES
    #
    # Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
    xferlog_enable=YES
    #
    # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
    connect_from_port_20=YES
    #
    # If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
    # a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
    # recommended!
    #chown_uploads=YES
    #chown_username=whoever
    #
    # You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
    # below.
    #xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
    #
    # If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format
    #xferlog_std_format=YES
    #
    # You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
    #idle_session_timeout=600
    #
    # You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
    #data_connection_timeout=120
    #
    # It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
    # ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
    #nopriv_user=ftpsecure
    #
    # Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
    # recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
    # however, may confuse older FTP clients.
    #async_abor_enable=YES
    #
    # By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
    # the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
    # mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
    # Beware that turning on ascii_download_enable enables malicious remote parties
    # to consume your I/O resources, by issuing the command "SIZE /big/file" in
    # ASCII mode.
    # These ASCII options are split into upload and download because you may wish
    # to enable ASCII uploads (to prevent uploaded scripts etc. from breaking),
    # without the DoS risk of SIZE and ASCII downloads. ASCII mangling should be
    # on the client anyway..
    ascii_upload_enable=YES
    ascii_download_enable=YES
    #
    # You may fully customise the login banner string:
    ftpd_banner=Welcome to Serv-U FTP serser. #(一個真實的慌言javascript:window.open(this.src);" style="CURSOR: pointer" onload="return imgzoom(this,550)">)
    #
    # You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
    # useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
    #deny_email_enable=YES
    # (default follows)
    #banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails
    #
    # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
    # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
    # users to NOT chroot().
    chroot_list_enable=YES
    # (default follows)
    chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
    #
    # You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
    # default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
    # sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
    # the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
    #ls_recurse_enable=YES
    chroot_local_user=YES
    listen_port=2121
    listen=yes
    guest_enable=YES
    guest_username=virtual
    pasv_min_port=30000
    pasv_max_port=30999
    pam_service_name=ftp.vu
    anon_world_readable_only=NO
    user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd_user_conf


    2.我的/etc/vsftpd_user_conf/download的內容
    引用:
    anon_world_readable_only=NO

    3.我的/etc/vsftpd_user_conf/upload的內容
    引用:
    anon_world_readable_only=NO
    write_enable=YES
    anon_upload_enable=YES
    anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES

    4.我的/etc/vsftpd_user_conf/admin的內容
    引用:
    anon_world_readable_only=NO
    write_enable=YES
    anon_upload_enable=YES
    anon_other_write_enable=YES
    anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES


    5.自啟動腳本,在/etc/rc.local中加入/usr/local/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd.conf &

    原文轉自:http://www.kjueaiud.com

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